March Of The Penguins

What challenges do the penguins have to overcome?
Survive from predators and the dad penguins to take care of their egg.
How does their habitat challenge their livelihood each day? The ice caps are melting and there are a lot of predators.
What types of adaptations do penguins need in order to survive brutal winters as well as predators? They need to be fast from predators and have blubber for the winter. 
Why is there a period of time in which there is practically no sunlight? What affect can no sunlight have on this region of Antarctica? Antarctica is on the other side of the world therefore the sun doesn't really give it sunlight but Global Warming is still affecting the penguins. 
How could climate change negatively impact the mating ritual of the Emperor Penguin? I would say that they have a routine so if the climate changes so would their routine?